The managed keys clause needs to be current as of the view creation time. Inheriting from other views with the same, now stale, managed key may not give you a valid trusted key for the new view as there may have been a fork in the chain of trusted keys. Mark -- Mark Andrews, ISC 1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742 INTERNET: marka@isc.org