And BTW I tried native PKCS#11 code with an OpenSSL backend in FIPS mode. It failed to run all the system tests with (too) small parameters as expected, and not expected it failed to verify the .org signature because I falled at the exact time a 1023 (1024 - 1) RSA modulus was used for .org... My conclusion was the experiment was funny but clearly it was not the best idea to do production with a crypto in FIPS mode. BTW it was some years ago and I am sure that at this time Fedora had no FIPS capable OpenSSL (i.e I had to build an OpenSSL FIPS module from sources, etc. Something which required a lot of free time). Another point: Do you need something about PKCS#11 native mode?